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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋam | om kuβə̑laŋ |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋat | ot kuβə̑laŋ |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋeš | ok/ogeš kuβə̑laŋ |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kuβə̑laŋ |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kuβə̑laŋ |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑t | ogə̑t kuβə̑laŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑m | šə̑m kuβə̑laŋ |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kuβə̑laŋ |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋe | ə̑š kuβə̑laŋ |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋna | ə̑šna kuβə̑laŋ |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋda | ə̑šda kuβə̑laŋ |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑č́ | ə̑št kuβə̑laŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nam | kuβə̑laŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nat | kuβə̑laŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑n | kuβə̑laŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nna | kuβə̑laŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nda | kuβə̑laŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nə̑t | kuβə̑laŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋam ə̑l'e | om kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋat ə̑l'e | ot kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋam ulmaš | om kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋat ulmaš | ot kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑n ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kuβə̑laŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nam ulmaš | kuβə̑laŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nat ulmaš | kuβə̑laŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋə̑n ulmaš | kuβə̑laŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nna ulmaš | kuβə̑laŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nda ulmaš | kuβə̑laŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kuβə̑laŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋ | it kuβə̑laŋ |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋže | ə̑nže kuβə̑laŋ |
| 1PL: | (kuβə̑laŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kuβə̑laŋ) |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋza | ida kuβə̑laŋ |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kuβə̑laŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋnem | ə̑nem kuβə̑laŋ |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋnet | ə̑net kuβə̑laŋ |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋneže | ə̑než kuβə̑laŋ |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋnena | ə̑nena kuβə̑laŋ |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋneda | ə̑neda kuβə̑laŋ |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋnešt | ə̑nešt kuβə̑laŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuβə̑laŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuβə̑laŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kuβə̑laŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuβə̑laŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuβə̑laŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kuβə̑laŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuβə̑laŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kuβə̑laŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kuβə̑laŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kuβə̑laŋman |
| Active participle: | kuβə̑laŋše |
| Passive participle: | kuβə̑laŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kuβə̑laŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | kuβə̑laŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kuβə̑laŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kuβə̑laŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kuβə̑laŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kuβə̑laŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kuβə̑laŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kuβə̑laŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kuβə̑laŋdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||